Pharmacy PEBC Practice Exam

A side effect is defined as a secondary effect of a medication that is typically mild and can occur alongside the intended therapeutic effect. These effects can be anticipated and may not necessarily be harmful. In contrast, an adverse reaction refers to a harmful or unintended response that occurs as a result of drug administration, which is typically more serious or unexpected.

Option C appropriately distinguishes between the two concepts. A side effect, rather than being inherently harmful, can be a normal and expected outcome when a medication is used as intended. An adverse reaction, however, is characterized by its potential for harm and unpredictability, highlighting the concept that not all side effects are adverse but all adverse reactions represent an undesirable outcome associated with medication use.

In summary, the distinction lies in the nature and severity of the responses to a drug, making option C the correct choice, as it reflects the likelihood of occurrence and the inherent safety associated with side effects compared to the more serious implications of adverse reactions.